Delhi’s Diwali air quality was once again under threat as the use of firecrackers was reported from various parts of the national capital. The air quality index (AQI) was recorded in the ‘poor’ category, with the air quality index in Delhi recorded at 293 at 6 pm, which falls under the ‘poor’ category. Other severe tests also assessed air quality.

Official limits on traditional firecrackers and encouragement to use approved green ones, which can cause less pollution, had been announced. But a series of violations in recent days pointed to the difficulties the authorities have had in implementing these measures. Despite all these measures and restrictions, the use of firecrackers in residential areas and the pollution from car emissions, construction, etc. continued to contribute to the pollution and the dark haze hanging over the city.

Green crackers are formulated to emit fewer emissions and fewer particulates as compared to traditional crackers. But there is no “zero emission” green cracker, and some pollutants are emitted when it is burnt. Also, the environmental benefit of green crackers can be maximised only through a rigorous certification process and adherence to norms; hence, their use cannot fully resolve the air pollution problem.

The poor air quality can cause severe adverse health impacts, especially on children, senior citizens and residents with existing lung and heart conditions. Inhalation of high concentrations of fine particles can lead to breathing problems, sore eyes, coughing and can exacerbate pre-existing health issues. Residents are recommended to stay indoors during poor air quality conditions.

This episode has once again brought to the fore the challenge of handling air pollution caused by seasonal changes in Delhi. Experts and environmentalists stressed on further prioritising awareness, implementing restrictions tightly and taking unified action on various pollution sources.

While the authorities strive to minimise the pollution caused by the Diwali festivals, the said measures are not enough to curb the level of pollution, and the pollution levels can only be controlled if the citizens participate responsibly.